CELTIS AUSTRALIS

Botanical Name: Celtis australis
Common Names: European Hackberry, Nettle Tree, Almez
Mature Size: 40–70 feet (12–21 meters) in height, 30–50 feet (9–15 meters) in spread
Light Requirements: Full sun
Soil Requirements: Prefers well-drained soils; tolerates clay, limestone, and poor or dry substrates
Water Needs: Low to moderate; drought-tolerant once established
Foliage: Deciduous tree with elongated, serrated green leaves that turn yellow in autumn
Flowers: Small, inconspicuous greenish flowers in spring
Growth Rate: Moderate to fast

Uses:
Ornamental Tree: Celtis australis is valued for its graceful canopy and textured foliage, making it an attractive choice for parks, streetscapes, and large gardens.

Urban Landscaping: Well-suited to urban environments thanks to its pollution tolerance and adaptability to compacted or dry soils.

Traditional and Cultural Uses: Historically planted for shade and windbreaks; its small, sweet fruits are consumed by birds and wildlife.

Benefits:
Drought Resistance: Thrives in Mediterranean and arid climates with minimal watering once established.
Low Maintenance: Resilient and long-lived, requiring little upkeep aside from seasonal leaf drop.
Ecological Value: Provides habitat and food for birds, butterflies, and pollinators; its deep roots help prevent erosion.
Shade and Longevity: Offers broad, cooling shade and a strong architectural presence in landscapes for decades.

Celtis australis is a tough, adaptable, and elegant deciduous tree that brings ecological richness and timeless beauty to urban and rural spaces alike. Its drought tolerance, wildlife value, and historical significance make it a functional and attractive addition to any landscape.